Science of Al-Jarh Wat-Ta'deel :

( A. )

Science of Al-Jarh Wat-Ta'deel :

The study of classifying people is called " Al-Jarh Wat-Ta'deel " . The specialist who are scholars have given utmost attention to the study of classifying people . They explained its rule in Islam and mentioned regulations that should be followed before a person could be classified .

Classifying people and ascribing beliefs , creeds and attributes to them , in terms of its principles is not a new science .

Classificication of people that is based on truth and sure knowledge is an aspect of protecting the religion of Allah , from distortions of the extremists , imposture of the liars , misinterpretation of the ignorant & error of the people of Bid'ah . 

Classification of people is one of the instruments of Ahlus-Sunnah Wal-Jamaa'ah .

Its duty of exterminating Bid'ah and desires and exposing misconceptions of their adherents .

Applying  Al-Jarh Wat-Ta'deel  is to refer to the scholars in this field who are free from any bias in their judgements ; those who sincerely wish this religion well . 

Past scholars of this field are generally safe from evils that lead by narrow minded motive or desire to prejudice , perversion , favoritism , flattering or calumny because of their religiosity and piety .

Al-Jarh Wat-Ta'deel  is a very crucial science . It is imperative for a group of Muslims to learn this science which is an act of sincerity with Allah , His Messenger , His Book and the generality of Muslims .

Classifying people is only for the scholars of Hadith who are conversant with the terms of Al-Jarh Wat-Ta'deel  and the rules mention by the erudite scholars . It is only those who fulfilled the mentioned conditions that can practice  Al-Jarh Wat-Ta'deel  .

( B. )

Statements on Four Factors of Al-Jarh Wat-Ta'deel :

1. Importance of the science of Al-Jarh Wat-Ta'deel and distinguishing the reliable and weak narrators .

2. Warning against using the desire and personal interest in this crucial topic .

3. The Ummah is in dire need of this science . There are proofs from the Qur'an and Sunnah for this . 

4. Dispelling of Misconceptions about this Science .

[ Source : Fat'h Al-Mugheeth ]

( C. )

Assumption :

Islamic practical legislations is based on preponderant assumption . 

Most rules of the Sharee'ah are based upon this .

Assumption are categorize into three :

1. Assumption at the lowest level

2. Assumption at the highest level ; and

3. Assumption at the middle level .

The benefit is in the case of differences , contradiction and priority .

If the assumption is equal to doubt , it is not permissible .

If it is an assumption recognized by the Sharee'ah , then it can be relied on in classifying a person , according to the scholars .

( D. )

Qiyās : 

Qiyās : Verdicts and judgement given by Islamic religious scholars .

These are given on the following proofs respectively :-

(A) From the Qur'ān 

(B) From the Prophet's Sunnah

(C) From the unanimously accepted verdict of the Mujtahidūn

(D) Qiyās ; verdict given by a Mujtahid who considered the case similar in comparison with a case judged by the Prophet .

Note: 

Qiyās  is not to be practised except if the judgement of the case is not found in the first three above mentioned proofs , A , B and C .

: : Bibliography : :

Glossary :

Mujtahidūn : Independent religious scholars who do not follow religious opinions except with proof from the Qur'ān and the Prophet's Sunnah .

Reviewed Notes: 21st July , 2021 

Taken from :  The Biography of Imaam Ibn Maajah by Salahuddin 'Ali Abdul-Mawjood

Application : Qur'an & Sunnah 

Publication : Darussalam (www.darussalam.com)

©️2007 , Maktaba Dar-us-Salam, first edition.

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